اثربخشی آموزش خرد بر خوش­بینی تحصیلی، خودمحوری و رفتارهای جامعه ­پسند در معلمان ابتدائی

Ahmadi, h., Jadidi, H., & khalaatbari, j. (2020). Desogmomg a Model of Academic Engagement Based on Academic Optimism and Achievement Motivation through Mediating of School Wellbeing and Academic Bouncy. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 14(56), 1-23. https://psychologyj.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_10316_3c07d0264281a84984826514047ef575.pdf

Ahmadpour, M. (2023). A comparative study of public policies based on ethics in governance and practical wisdom. Seventeenth International Conference on Management, Economics, and Development, https://civilica.com/doc/1687286/

Ardelt, M. (2025). Wisdom predicts emotional intelligence and wise reasoning. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 20(1), 123-135. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2024.2322448

Baloch, S., Kili Yakan, T., & Hassani, M. (2020). Teacher collective efficacy, school climate, and teacher academic optimism in students' academic success: The role of teacher effectiveness. Teacher Professional Development Quarterly, 5(4), 25-42. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.24765600.1399.5.4.2.4

Börü, N., & Bellibaş, M. Ş. (2024). Comparing the relationships between school principals' leadership types and teachers' academic optimism. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 27(3), 560-578. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2021.1889035

Boumpouli, C., Brouzos, A., & Vassilopoulos, S. P. (2022). Conceptualizing parenting wisdom: Scale development and validation. Marriage & Family Review, 58(4), 329-361. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2021.1974642

Carlo, G., Davis, A. N., Torres, M., Sanders, H., & Cruz, L. J. (2024). Ethnic Group Differences in Economic Stress and Out-Group Prosocial Behaviors During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cultural Process Model. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4947157/v1

Comfort, A. B., Harper, C. C., Tsai, A. C., Perkins, J. M., Moody, J., Rasolofomana, J. R., Alperin, C., Schultz, M., Ranjalahy, A. N., Heriniaina, R., & Krezanoski, P. J. (2021). The Association Between Men’s Family Planning Networks and Contraceptive Use Among Their Female Partners: An Egocentric Network Study in Madagascar. BMC public health, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10180-6

Derakhshan, N. B., & Bagheri, F. (2022). A Structural Model Predicting Wisdom Based on Successful Intelligence and Psychological Well-Being with the Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy. Journal of Applied Family Therapy, 3(1), 565-586. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.aftj.3.1.28

Ghorbani, R., Khormaiee, F., & Ghasemi, H. (2022). The Model of Wisdom: Role of Personality Traits, Successful Intelligence With the Meditating of Patience and Self-Efficacy. https://www.sid.ir/paper/1074501/en

Glück, J. (2018). Measuring wisdom: Existing approaches and new developments. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 73(8), 1393-1403. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbx140

Glück, J., Bluck, S., & Weststrate, N. M. (2019). More on the MORE life experience model: What we have learned (so far). The Journal of Value Inquiry, 53, 349-370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10790-018-9661-x

Golestanibakht, T., Babaie, E., & Mostaed Hesari, S. (2022). The Effects of Positive Psychology Training on Wisdom, Resilience, and Cognitive Flexibility of Students. Positive Psychology Research, 8(2), 83-100. https://doi.org/10.22108/ppls.2022.131504.2225

Hamedian, S., & Rahbania, F. (2018). Investigating the effectiveness of Sternberg's multiple intelligences on math problem solving performance based on modified Bloom's classification in second grade female middle school students in Qochan city Master's thesis in the field of mathematics education, Mashhad Ferdowsi University].

Hashemi Sanjani, F., Dartaj, F., Farokhi, N. A., & Nasrollahi, B. (2020). The effectiveness of mindfulness training on the components of academic optimism in students (social trust, academic emphasis, and sense of identity). Social Psychology, 7(53), 101-108. https://journals.iau.ir/article_671409.html

Hoffmann, F., Banzhaf, C., & Singer, F. (2016). Empathy in depression: Egocentric and altercentric biases and the role of alexithymia. Journal of affective disorders, 199, 23-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.03.007

Jalili, N., Faghihi, A., & Daneshfard, K. A. (2024). Strategic Pillars of Wisdom-Based Human Resource Management in Public Organizations. Quantitative Studies in Management Journal, 56, 190-211. https://civilica.com/note/8017/

Kavianfar, H., Baezzat, F., Hashemi, S., & Naderi, H. (2022). Prediction of Wisdom Based on Components of academic experiences Through the Intermediation of Cognitive flexibility. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 17(65), 250-260. https://doi.org/10.22034/jmpr.2022.13460

Khajavi, M., Rahimian, N., Khajavi, Y., & Javadipour, M. j. (2021). Studying Academic Optimism, Identity, and Buoyancy as Predictors of School Well-being (Interest in School, Perceived Academic Self-Efficacy, and Destructive Behaviors) among Male High School. Empowering Exceptional Children, 13(4), 21-11. https://doi.org/10.22034/ceciranj.2022.314933.1616

Lan, X., & Ma, C. (2024). Narcissism moderates the association between autonomy-supportive parenting and adolescents' prosocial behavior. Journal of youth and adolescence, 53, 632-655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01933-0

Li, J., Li, Y., & Ding, Y. (2025). Self-Concept Promote Subjective Well-Being Through Gratitude and Prosocial Behavior During Early Adolescence? A Longitudinal Study. BMC psychology, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02652-w

Li, P., Jiang, Y., Ye, J., & Xiong, Z. (2024). The Impact of Empathy on Prosocial Behavior Among College Students: The Mediating Role of Moral Identity and the Moderating Role of Sense of Security. Behavioral Sciences, 14(11), 1024. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14111024

Liu, N., Cao, Y., & Xu, H. (2024). Prosocial Behavior Associated With Trait Mindfulness, Psychological Capital and Moral Identity Among Medical Students: A Moderated Mediation Model. Frontiers in psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1431861

Liu, Q., & Zhang, Z. (2024). Relationship Between Positive Grandparenting Styles and Adolescent Prosocial Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model. Social Behavior and Personality an International Journal, 52(10), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.13592

Lotfi, S., & Ashouri, H. (2023). The relationship between academic optimism and academic engagement with the mediating role of goal orientation and academic identity of girls' secondary school students. Management and Educational Perspective, 5(1), 92-110. https://doi.org/10.22034/jmep.2022.345433.1122

Maiya, S., Carlo, G., Davis, A. N., Schwartz, S. J., Unger, J. B., Zamboanga, B. L., Báezconde‐Garbanati, L., Soto, D. W., & Lorenzo‐Blanco, E. I. (2024). Longitudinal Relations Between Parenting Practices and Prosocial Behaviors in Recent Immigrant Latino/a Adolescents: Familism Values and Ethnic Identity as Mediators. Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdpys.2024.1464687

Mostafavi, N. (2022). Comparative evaluation of wisdom intelligence with spiritual intelligence and its relationship with education. Journal of Philosophical Investigations, 16(40), 111-126. https://doi.org/10.22034/jpiut.2022.52384.3292

Munroe, M. (2022). Exploring Pathways from Growth to Wisdom: The Role of Coping Styles and Meaning-Making University of Toronto (Canada)]. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Melanie-Munroe

Nusbaum, H. (2025). Understanding the Psychology of Practical Wisdom. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhae050

Parish, B. (2021). Academic optimism and academic achievement of students. The 4th International Conference on Educational Sciences, Psychology, Counseling, Education, and Research, https://en.civilica.com/doc/1421586/

Putnam, R. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. Simon & Schuster. https://doi.org/10.1145/358916.361990

Rahman, S., & Nasrullah, N. (2024). Empowering Students: The Hidden Impact of Academic Optimism on Self-Awareness and Communication. QJSS, 5(3), 324-329. https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.550097521

Sabbaghi, F., Karimi, Q., Akbari, M., & Yarahmadi, Y. (2020). Predicting Academic Engagement Based on Academic Optimism, Competency Perception and Academic Excitement in Students. Iranian Journal of Educational Sociology. https://doi.org/10.52547/ijes.3.3.50

Sternberg, R. J., & Glück, J. (2019). The Cambridge handbook of wisdom.

Sternberg, R. J., & Karami, S. (2021). What is wisdom? A unified 6P framework. Review of General Psychology, 25, 134-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1089268020985509

Torres, M., Carlo, G., & Davis, A. N. (2025). The Associations Between Culture-Related Stressors and Prosocial Behaviors in U.S. Latino/a College Students: The Mediating Role of Cultural Identity. Adolescents, 5(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/adolescents5010004

Wang, Q., Lin, Y., Teuber, Z., Li, F., & Su, Y. (2023). Parental Burnout and Prosocial Behavior Among Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Empathy. Behavioral Sciences, 14(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14010017

Xia, X.-Q. (2025). Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Online Prosocial Behavior: The Mediating Role of Social Self-Efficacy and the Moderating Role of Moral Identity. International Journal of Education and Humanities, 18(2), 50-56. https://doi.org/10.54097/mvnxzg31

Xiao, S. X., Gülseven, Z., Clancy, E. T., Liew, J., Carlo, G., Kim, S. E., & Jiang, S. (2024). Measuring Early Adolescents' prosocial Behavior Toward Diverse Others: Considering Multiple Social Identities. Journal of adolescence, 96(4), 841-854. https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12305

Xu, Y. (2023). Cognitive Reappraisal and Empathy Chain-Mediate the Association Between Relative Deprivation and Prosocial Behavior in Adolescents. Frontiers in psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1238308

YalÇIn, M. S. (2022). Evaluation of Academic Optimism Levels of The Lecturer: A Qualitative Research. Journal of Family Counseling and Education, 7(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.32568/jfce.1035860 10.32568/jfce.1610754

Zhang, Z., Fu, L., Jing, W., & Liao, Z. (2023). Childhood parental companionship, self-esteem and prosocial behavior in college students: A correlation analysis. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 43, 87-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2023.01.002