Modeling Academic Motivation Based on Academic Hope, Academic Self-Confidence, and Academic Hardiness Mediated by Academic Self-Efficacy among High School Students in Shiraz
Keywords:
Academic motivation, academic hope, academic self-confidence, academic hardiness, academic self-efficacyAbstract
This study aimed to model academic motivation based on academic hope, academic self-confidence, and academic hardiness with the mediating role of academic self-efficacy among second-year high school students in Shiraz. This applied research used a descriptive–correlational design based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all female second-year high school students in Shiraz in the 2023–2024 academic year (N=45,215). A sample of 384 students was selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand et al., 1992), Academic Hope Scale (Sympson, 1999), Academic Self-Confidence Scale (Shrauger & Schohn, 1995), Academic Hardiness Scale (Benishek et al., 2005), and Academic Self-Efficacy Inventory (Jinks & Morgan, 1999). Data analysis was performed using AMOS and path analysis. Structural equation modeling indicated that academic hope, academic self-confidence, and academic hardiness exerted significant direct and indirect effects on academic motivation (p<0.01). Academic self-efficacy also showed a significant direct effect on academic motivation (p<0.01). The final model demonstrated strong fit indices (CFI=0.96; RMSEA=0.001). Overall, predictor variables explained 58.1% of the variance in academic motivation, and academic self-efficacy accounted for 43.2% of its variance. The findings suggest that enhancing academic hope, academic self-confidence, and academic hardiness can increase students’ academic motivation by strengthening academic self-efficacy. Educational interventions targeting these factors may play a crucial role in fostering academic motivation.
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Copyright (c) 1404 Fateme Tavakoli (Author); Ahmad Ghazanfari (Corresponding author); Reza Ahmadi (Author)
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