تعیین رابطه بین آسیب‌های دوران کودکی با خودکارآمدی در دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی و دستیاران دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران

سارا دادخواه جویباری; خیرالنسا شیردل; سیده علیا عمادیان

Authors

Sara Dadkhah Jouybari M.A. Student in Educational Psychology, Department of Psychology, TeMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8332-2359
Kheironnisa Shirdel Department of Psychology, Sar.C., Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. Corresponding author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4624-1307
Seyedeh Olia Emadian Department of Psychology, Sar.C., Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5159-488X

Keywords:

Childhood trauma, Self-efficacy, Postgraduate students, Residents, Medical sciences

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the relationship between childhood trauma and self-efficacy among postgraduate students and residents at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. This applied study employed a descriptive-correlational design. The statistical population consisted of all postgraduate students and residents at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences during the 1404–1405 academic year, totaling 1,665 individuals. A sample of 313 participants was selected using stratified random sampling based on gender. Data were collected using the Bernstein et al. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Sherer et al. Self-Efficacy Scale. In the present study, Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.90 for the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and 0.94 for the Self-Efficacy Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and structural equation modeling with SPSS version 23 and LISREL version 8.5. The results showed a significant negative correlation between childhood trauma and self-efficacy (r=-0.611, p<0.001). Emotional abuse (r=-0.575), sexual abuse (r=-0.542), physical abuse (r=-0.474), emotional neglect (r=-0.511), and physical neglect (r=-0.490) were also significantly and negatively associated with self-efficacy (p<0.001). Structural equation modeling further showed that childhood trauma had a significant negative effect on self-efficacy (β=-0.76, t=-10.97, p<0.001). Model-fit indices, including χ²/df=2.76, RMSEA=0.075, GFI=0.92, NFI=0.91, and CFI=0.93, indicated an acceptable fit of the proposed model. Childhood trauma was significantly associated with lower self-efficacy among postgraduate students and residents, and emotional abuse showed the strongest relationship among the trauma dimensions. Accordingly, attention to adverse childhood experiences and interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy may be beneficial in university counseling and support programs.

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